Complete the following sentences, using the phraseological units given in the list below. Translate them into Russian.

8. Дополните следующие предложения, используя фразеологизмы, приведенные в списке ниже. Перевести их на русский язык.

If pay my rent, I won’t have any money to buy food. I’m between the devil and the deep blue sea.

It’s no use grumbling about your problems – we’re all in the same boat.

He’s sold his house and his business to go to Australia, so he’s really to take the plunge.

She prefers not to rely on anyone else she likes to paddle one’s own canoe.

They didn’t know whether to get married or not, but they finally to burn one’s boats.

You can’t expect everything to go right all the time; you must learn to take the rough with the smooth.

9. Think of all the phraseological units that you can which contain the following words, use each phraseological unit in a sentence and explain the meaning of it:

9. Придумайте фразеологизмы, которые содержат следующие слова:

 

A quick eye - Острый глаз

To cock one's nose - Задирать нос

Be all ears - Слушать с большим вниманием

Straight from the horse's mouth - Из первых уст

To show one’s teeth - Огрызаться

To make head or tail - Пытаться понять

To wind round one's (little) finger - Обвести вокруг пальца

His fingers are all thumbs – У него все из рук валится

To have a heart – to – heart talk – Говорить по душам

Find one’s legs - Встать на ноги

Take to one’s feet - Уносить ноги

A dab hand - Золотые руки, мастер.

To let one's hair down - Вести себя непринужденно

10. Choose the idiom. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence:

10. Выберите идиому. Выберите слово или фразу, которая наилучшим образом дополняет каждое предложение:

1. I really must go and lie down for a while; I’ve got a splitting headache.

2. Stop moving about the bush, James! Just tell me exactly what the problem is.

3. I usually buy my clothes off the peg. It’s cheaper than going to a dressmaker.

4. If you want a flat in the centre of the city you have to pay through the nose for it.

5. Because the owner wanted a quick sale the house went for a song only 30000.

6. You didn’t think I was being serious did you, Brian! It was a joke! I was pulling your leg, that’s all!

7. The accident was caused by a taxi driver missing the traffic light.

8. Lend me 20, please, John. I’m stuck up at the moment.

9. Those second-hand Walkmans are selling like hot cakes. If you want one you’d deter buy one now before they’re all gone.

10. She would do anything for her youngest son. He was the centre of her eye.

11. I always get butterflies in my stomach before visiting the dentist.

 

11. Complete the paired phraseological units in the sentences below. Choose from the following:

11. Дополните парные фразеологические единицы в следующих предложениях.

 

She was an outstanding student whose work was head and shoulders (на голову выше, значительно лучше) above the others in her class.

The lecture was just the way the students liked it short and sweet (кратко и по существу).

Although it has its faults by and large (по большому счету) Britain is a pretty good country to live in.

Don’t ask James to do anything practical; he’s all fingers and thumbs (неуклюжий).

Pauline was so funny on Saturday. She really was the life and soul (быть душой общества)of the party.

Oh, thank heavens you’re both safe and sound (целый и невредимый)! I was so worried about you.

They promised to stand by each other through thick and thin (в горе и в радости).

You can’t throw him out, surely? Not your brother, not your own flesh and blood (плоть и кровь).

A certain amount of give and take (взаимные уступки) is essential in any relationship.

His flat was so spick and span (сиять, сверкать) that it looked more like a well-kept museum than a home.

I’d afraid you’ll have to wear a tie, sir. It’s a hard and fast (жесткий) rule of the club.

They’re always fighting tooth and nail (бороться не на жизнь, а на смерть). I’m surprised they don’t get divorced.

The managing director outlined the pros and cons (за и против) of the proposed plan.

I don’t know about you, David, but I’m sick and tired (быть по горло сытым) of hearing about his fantastic children.

 

Phraseological unit (idioms) – are word-groups with a completely changed meaning that is the meaning of the unit doesn’t correspond to the meanings if it’s constituent parts.

Semantic criterion – a phraseological unit is a stable word-group characterised by a completely or partially transferred meaning.

Structural criterion – the structural criterion brings forth pronounced distinctive features characterising phraseological units and contrasting them to free word-groups.

Thematic classification – is based on their original content.

Etymological classification – idioms are classified according to their sources of origin.

Phraseological combinations – are word-groups with a partially changed meaning. They may be said to be cleary motivated that is the meaning of the unit can be easily deduced from the meanings of its constituents.

Phraseological unites (Ph.u.) – are word-groups with a completely changed meaning that is the meaning of the unit doesn’t correspond to the meanings of its constituent parts.

Phraseological fusions – are word-groups with a completely changed meaning but in contrast to the units they are demotivated that is the meaning cannot be deduced from the meanings of its constituent parts.

Smirnitsky’s classification – is an attempt to combine the structural and the semantic principles. Ph.u. are grouped according to the number and semantic significance of their constituent parts into one-summit units, two-summit units and multi-summit.

Contextual analysis – Ph.u. are units of constant context and are a specific and unchangeable sequence of lexical components ant peculiar semantic relationships. They are subdivided into phrasemes and idioms.

Koonin’s classification – is based on the combined structural-semantic principle and considers the stability of ph.u. 4 classes of ph.u.: nominative, nominative-communicative, interjectional and communicative.