D Context Write: Combine the correct forms of dare and need with the verbs in brackets. UNWELCOME FRESH AIR!

It was a routine flight from Hilo on Hawaii to Kahului 110 miles away. Suddenly, there was a tremendous noise and the top of the plane was torn away! Ninety-four passengers (not move) 1 dared not move wondering what would happen next. They (not worry) 2 … because Robert Schornsteimer, the pilot, was firmly in control. For 25 minutes they hardly (breathe) 3 … though there was plenty of unwelcome fresh air. 'I (not open)4 … my mouth,' one of the passengers said later. 'I hardly (tell)5 … you how terrified I was.' The passengers embraced the pilot who had brought the plane down safely. 'I've heard of a plane flying off a roof,' joked one of them later, 'but never of a roof flying off a plane!'

11.13 'Would/wouldn't'; 'that... should'; 'there' + modal

11.13A 'Would' and 'wouldn't' in place of the simple present tense or 'will' future [> LEG 11.74.2]

We often use would and wouldn't in place of the simple present (and sometimes in place of will/won't) when we want to sound less definite, or when we want to be very polite: That seems to be a good idea. > That would seem to be a good idea.

I think Friday will be OK. > I would think that Friday will be OK. Thursday isn't/won't be convenient. >Thursday wouldn't be convenient.

Write: Replace the verbs in italics with would and wouldn't. 1 £100 is rather expensive for a pair of gloves … 2 I'm sure your proposal isn't acceptable to the committee … 3 Does my idea seem reasonable to you? - I think so …4 This new law doesn't seem to be fair to pensioners … 5 I'm not free on Thursday, but I 'm free on Friday … 6 She's offered to help, but I don't imagine she's serious … 7 Does that seem a reasonable price to offer for a used car?

11.13B That... should' after verbs like 'suggest' [> LEG 11.75, App 45.3]

If we put that after verbs like ask, propose, recommend, suggest, we continue like this:

- with should: I suggest that he should apply/ shouldn't apply for the job.

- with the simple present: I suggest that he applies/he doesn't apply for the job.

- with the 'subjunctive': I suggest that he apply/not apply for the job.

Note on the 'subjunctive': In the 'subjunctive', the base form of the verb (be, go, run, etc.) remains the same in all persons. The present form is rare in British English: I suggest you go/he go/they (etc.) go to the meeting tomorrow. The subjunctive form were is used in all persons in the past [> 11.7B,14.2B].

 

Write: a Supply suitable verb forms in these sentences.

b Then mark your answers a (= should), b (= simple present) or c (= 'subjunctive').

1 Marion proposed that we should buy a gift for Jim who would soon be leaving the firm. (we/buy) a 2 The travel agent recommended that … driving abroad during the holidays. (we/avoid) … 3 I suggest that … this matter during the meeting, (he/not raise) … 4 All I ask is that... the rules, (they/not break) … 5 What does he advise? (she/do) … 6 It's no good demanding that … our performance. We're doing our best. (we/improve) … 7 I would only request that … good care of this flat while you're living in it. (you/take) … 8 Her solicitor insisted that she…in signing the contract, (not/delay) … 9 I suggest … a taxi if we want to get to the meeting on time, (we/take) … 10 He asks that … to visit his children once a week, (he/be allowed) …

11.13C 'That... should' after adjectives like 'essential' [> LEG 11.75.3, App 44]

If we put that after adjectives like essential, urgent, vital, we continue like this:

- with should: It's urgent that he should send the information at once.

- with the simple present: It's urgent that he sends the information at once.

- with the 'subjunctive': It's urgent that he send the information at once.

Write: A Supply suitable verb forms in these sentences. B Then mark your answers a (= should), b (= simple present) or c (= 'subjunctive')

1 It's urgent that we should send the information now. (we/ send) 2 It's essential that … home now. (she/return) 3 It's vital that … (he/be inform) 4 I'm eager that … present at the meeting, (she/be)

11.13D 'There' + modal auxiliaries [> LEG 11 76]

Just as there will combine with be (there is, there was, there has been, etc. [> 10.3]), it will combine with modals: There could be no doubt about it. There must be a mistake. There can't have been any doubt about it. There might have been a mistake. There never used to be anyone living next door. There might have been someone outside.

Write: Supply appropriate modal combinations. More than one answer is possible in each case.

1 There (be) a problem about this There could be a problem about this. 2 There (be) a witness present… 3 There (never be) a better opportunity… 4 (there be) a reason for this delay?... 5 (there be) another election soon? 6 Why (there be) so much red tape? 7 Why (not there be) more university places?

11.13E Context. Write: Supply suitable forms of the verbs and insert could be, may be, will be, would seem.

MEDICAL DETECTIVE? 'For the time being,' Dr Grey said, 'it's important that (you take) 1 you (should) take it easy. Immediately after a heart attack, I suggest (you get)2 … plenty of rest. After a month, I recommend (you begin)3… taking a little exercise.' Mr Fry blinked through his glasses. 'I 4… dead!' he protested. 'If you don't do as I tell you, you will be,' Dr Grey said. 'It's vital that (you follow)5… my advice.' 'But I've always been so active, Doctor.' 'And you 6… active again, but not yet. Come and see me in a fortnight. 'Of course, Mr Fry didn't follow his doctor's advice. 'There 7… people who can sit around,' he said to his wife, 'but I can't!' He spent the morning before his next appointment painting the kitchen ceiling. In the afternoon, he visited Dr Grey. 'It 8… you have been painting the ceiling!' Dr Grey said sternly. 'How can you possiby know Doctor?' 'You’ve got paint on your glasses!' the doctor said.

Vocabulary: поки що - for the present, for the time being, (in the) meanwhile, in the meantime; to take it easy - не поспішати, не дуже старатися; не брати близько до серця; весело, веселіше дивіться! - take it easy!, cheer up!;

інфаркт - infarct, infarction, coronary thrombosis;

heart attack; follow his doctor's advice – слідувати порадам лікаря;

blinked through his glasses – заморгав через окуляри;

vital ['vaɪtl] 1) життєвий; життєво важливий; vital functions — життєві функції; vital power — життєва енергія 2) істотний; суттєвий; a question of vital importance — питання першорядної ваги;

fortnight ['fɔːtnaɪt] два тижні; this day fortnight - через два тижні; this fortnight - останні два тижні;