Taxonomy and Nomenclature of microorganismsThe principles of microbial systematics. Prokaryotes (Photobacterium, Scotobacteria, eubacteria, spirochetes, actinomycetes, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma). Eukaryotes (protozoa, fungi). Viruses. Taxonomic categories: kingdom, division (phylum), class, order, family, genus, species. Species as the main taxonomic category. The Perceptions of subspecific categories: biovars, serovars, phagovars. The Nomenclature, Classification of microorganisms. The evolution of microorganisms and its features. The morphology of microorganisms The Morphology of bacteria. The structure of the bacterial cell. The Chemical composition and functional significance of bacterial cells components. The Forms of bacteria with disrupted cell wall synthesis: protoplasts, spheroplasts, L-form bacteria. Morphology of microorganisms, study methods. The types of slide preparation. Light, dark-field, phase contrast, dark-field, fluorescence microscopy. Study of microorganisms by electron microscopy Tinctorial properties of microbes. Simple and complex staining techniques. Morphology and structure of spirochetes, actinomycetes, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, mycoplasma. The morphology of fungi and protozoa.
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