VOCABULARY. peninsular - полуостровнойpeninsular - полуостровной occupy - занимать population – население parliamentary monarchy – парламентская монархия legislation - законодательство, законодательная деятельность, закон, законопроект are expressed – выражаются “Magna Charta” – Великая хартия вольностей “Habeas Corpus Act” – Хабеас Корпус (английский закон о неприкосновенности личности “Bill of Rights” - билль о правах (совокупность конституционных норм, гарантирующих права граждан в их взаимоотношениях с органами государственной власти) the Parliamentary Act – парламентский акт the House of Lords – палата лордов the House of Commons – палата общин peer – лорд, пэр election – выборы Labour party – лейбористская партия Conservative party – консервативная партия 3. A BIRDS’S EYEVIEW OF THE U.S.A. The United States has the most technologically powerful, diverse, advanced, and largest economy in the world. To have a bird’s eye of the country let us start from the Northeast, the place of the first European settlements. The skyscrapers of New York, the steel mills of Pittsburgh, the automobile plants of Detroit – these symbols of industrial America belong to this region. The greatest part of America’s heavy industry depends on the resources found in the region of the Great Lakes: iron ore and coal. Steelmaking is basic in this region, but there are many other related industries – glass, nonferrous metals, chemicals, rubber and machinery. Chicago is sometimes called the Great Central Market of the nation. It is the railroad, meat packing, and grain center for the middle part of the country. After leaving Chicago, you will cross Illinois, Iowa and Nebraska. This is a vast farming region known as the Corn Belt. The land is fertile and well-watered, the climate is mildly continental. Nebraska specializes in wheat, Iowa and Illinois grow wheat and corn, and much livestock is raised here. Corn is the most important of all American crops. Extensive use of machinery allows an average farmer to cultivate 100 – 140 hectares without any help. Most farm families do “commercial farming”: they raise products for sale and not for their own use. The Rocky Mountains, stretching all the way from Mexico to the Arctic Ocean, are rich in mineral deposits.. Other valuable ores are copper, lead and silver. The West Coast cities are important industrials centers. Seattle houses the headquarters of the Boeing Company leading the nation in producing multi-engine jet aircraft. Silicon Valley near San Francisco, where more than 4,000 high-tech firms are located, is the first and biggest electronic research and production area. California is one of the highest producing farm regions in the United States. Pears, peaches, olives, oranges and grapes ripen in its sunny orchards; grain and cotton grow all year in its farms; sheep and cattle feed in its pastures.
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