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| Item
| Meaning
| Collocations, derivatives
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| accountability (n)
| Responsibility, obligation to report to sb
| a demand/need for ~, lack of ~,
, ~ to sb for sth,
enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~
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| branch (n)
| a division of a large organization
| local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate
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| board of directors (n), (board)
| the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization
| serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~
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| benchmark (n)
| something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things
| provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a,
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| bureaucracy (n)
| all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay
| reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~,
bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape
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| company
| a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services
| state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~.
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| call centre (n)
| an office handling large numbers of telephone calls
| locate/ operate ~
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| centralize (v)
| concentrate (control or power) under a single authority
| centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize
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| conservative (adj)
| averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values
| ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~;
conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive
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| corporation
| a large business company
| ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture
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| Chief executive officer
| The top official of a company who has the most power and authority
| be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr)
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| decentralize (v)
| divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units
| ~ the building industry; to be decentralized,
decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n)
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| democracy (n)
| control of a group by the majority of its members
| principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism
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| distribution
| supply of goods to various people and locations
| ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj)
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| dynamic (adj,)
| characterized by constant change and/or activity
| be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~
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| enterprise
| Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm
| A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME)
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| franchise(n)
| an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits
| on a ~ basis,
a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb;
franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n)
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| headquarters(sing or pl)
| the head office or main building of an organization
| have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n)
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| hierarchy (n)
| a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank
| management ~;
hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization
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| Incorporated
| formed into a business company with legal status
| Inc (abbr)
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| Limited liabilities company(n)
| a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments
| Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~
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| merger(n)
| an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc.
| ~goes through, ~between,~with sth;
merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge
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| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE)
| organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.)
| ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising
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| outlet (n)
| a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed
| ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~
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| parent company (n)
| an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries
| ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~;
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| Public limited company
| a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange
| PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits
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| subsidiary(n)
| a company that is at least half-owned by another company
| foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~;
subsidiary(adj): ~ company
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| warehouse (n)
| a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business
| retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff
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