Armed ForcesУпражнение 1.. Переведите на слух на русский язык по абзацам следующий текст. The Armed Services exist to conduct operations on behalf of the Nation, if necessary by engaging in battle; and it is that function which distinguishes them from all others, for the consequences of winning or losing are profound, both to the Nation and to the individual. Military effectiveness is the standard by which the Army will be judged in peace and war, and defines military effectiveness in terms of fighting power. Within the hierarchy of fighting power it lays emphasis on the moral component, which is the ability to get people to fight. In the case of the Army, the context in which they must do so is that of land operations. Land operations are by their nature dangerous and physically demanding. They are characterised by uncertainty, fear, fatigue and discomfort, all of which have to be faced and overcome. Ultimately they require soldiers to close with the enemy at short range, often face to face, and fight; and to continue operating while subject to life-threatening attack by conventional, biological and chemical weapons. The other fundamental characteristic of land operations is that they are a group activity, whether the task be full scale war, peacekeeping, or activity in support of the civil authorities. Even when deployed on their own in dispersed positions soldiers are part of a team, and the effectiveness of that team will depend on each individual, seen or unseen, playing his or her part to the full, and upon the degree to which they contribute to the cohesion of the team as a whole. Success in such conditions depends above all else on good morale, which is the spirit that enables soldiers to triumph over adversity: morale linked to,
High morale cannot be created overnight, but requires the forging in peace of close bonds of professional and personal trust which will withstand the stresses imposed by operational conditions. And it requires from soldiers the commitment and self-sacrifice to put the interests of the team, the task, the unit and the Nation ahead of their own. Упражнение 2. Подберите из текста упражнения 1 английские эквиваленты к следующим словосочетаниям. полномасштабная война............................................................................................... наземные операции......................................................................................................... миролюбивые действия................................................................................................. гражданские власти........................................................................................................ близкая дистанция.......................................................................................................... сплоченность команды.................................................................................................. химическое оружие........................................................................................................ условия операции............................................................................................................ отличительная черта..................................................................................................... высокий моральный дух............................................................................................... последствия победы или поражения......................................................................... результат лидерства и товарищества....................................................................... Упражнение 3. Изучите воинские звания вооруженных сил США, Великобритании и России. Выучите их наизусть.
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and reinforced by, discipline. Morale is a composite of many factors, including confidence in equipment, good training and sound administration; but ultimately it is bred of conviction in what is being done, and confidence in those with whom and for whom it is being done. Such confidence is itself primarily a product of leadership and comradeship.
