UNIT 19. BULBOUS BOWI. Master the active vocabulary: bulbous – бульбообразный waterline – ватерлиния to modify – варьировать, видоизменять, модифицировать drag – сопротивление fuel efficiency – кпд топлива, топливная экономичность (двигателя) to increase – увеличивать freighter – грузовой корабль to excite – вызывать to flow up – подниматься pressure distribution – распределение давления trim – отделка II. Read and translate the following text: A bulbous bow, a feature of many modern ship hulls, is a protruding bulb at the bow (or front) below the waterline. Usually visible only when a ship is in drydock, the bulb modifies how water flows around the hull, reducing drag and increasing speed, range, and fuel efficiency. Ships with bulbous bows generally have 12 to 15 percent better fuel efficiency than similar vessels without them. The first bulbous bows appeared in the USA being fitted to the USS Delaware [BB28] which entered service in 1910 and the design is credited to David Watson Taylor, naval architect and Chief Constructor of the Navy. Bulbous bows achieve maximum effect at a narrow range of speeds over 6 knots (Bray, website). At other speeds, they can increase drag. They have the greatest effect on large ships such as freighters, navy vessels and various passenger ships. They are rarer on recreational boats designed for wide speed ranges and planing over the water.
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